EGBERT, KATHRYN J.* AND CRAIG E. MARTIN. Department of Botany, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-2106. - Are leaf windows a morphological adaptation to increase Crassulacean acid metabolism?
Leaf windows are multi-celled, translucent portions of epidermis,
lacking chlorophyll, found on some species in the Asteraceae,
Liliaceae, Mesembryanthemaceae, and Piperaceae families. A proposed
theory regarding this morphological characteristic is that the window
may increase the surface area available for light interception by
transmitting light through the succulent, water-storage parenchyma and
illuminating the chlorenchyma tissue from the inside of the leaf.
This would appear advantageous by increasing photosynthetic rates in
these CAM plants, especially for window plants that are partially
subterranean in their growth habits. In order to test this theory,
gas exchange was measured on five species of window plants with their
windows covered by reflective tape or with windows unobstructed.
Three species with subterranean growth habits (Haworthia truncata,
Lithops olivaceae and Ophthalmophyllum longum) and two
species with above ground growth habits (Peperomia graveolens
and Senecio rowleyanus) were included for net CO2
gas exchange. The internal micro-light environment was also measured
using a fiber optic probe. All species showed Crassulacean acid
metabolism. Results showed no significant increase in CAM due to the
additional light provided by the windows. Alternative hypotheses
concerning the possible function of these putative windows will be
presented.
Key words: CAM, Crassulacean acid metabolism, leaf windows