Oönopsis (E. L. Greene, 1896) is a genus of herbaceous, selenium accumulating perennials, nearly endemic to the high plains of central and eastern Wyoming and eastern Colorado. For much of it's taxonomic history Oönopsis has been recognized as a subgenus within Haplopappus (sensu Hall, 1928). Recent molecular evidence corroborates morphological reinterpretation to support recognition of Oönopsis as a monophyletic genus. The six taxa currently recognized within Oönopsis have been the focus of recent field, morphological, chromosomal, flavonoid, and cladistic studies. The objective of this study was to generate phylogenetic hypotheses using DNA sequence from the internal transcribed spacer regions one and two (ITS-1 and ITS-2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA from exemplars representing all taxa within Oönopsis , and to use these molecular hypotheses to test the cladistic hypotheses generated from traditional data. Outgroup DNA sequence was obtained from Machaeranthera tanacetifolia . In general, the hypothesis generated from ITS-1 & 2 DNA sequence data supports the morphologically-based phylogenetic hypothesis. The conflict between hypotheses involves the placement of O. foliosa var. monocephala . The molecular phylogeny places var. monocephala in a well supported clade with O. multicaulis , and not with O. foliosa var. foliosa , as is suggested by morphological data.

Key words: Asteraceae, cladistics, ITS-1 & ITS-2, molecular phylogeny, Oonopsis