CHAN, RAYMUND* AND ROBERT ORNDUFF. Department of Integrative Biology & Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720. - Goldfields revisited: Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Lasthenia (Asteraceae) using morphology and DNA sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast trnK intron regions.
The genus Lasthenia consists of 17 species, mostly annuals,
distributed primarily in California. One species occurs in central
Chile. They occupy a variety of habitats and are particularly common
in vernal pools. In early spring, the most common species, L.
californica (Section Baeria), can cover thousands of acres of
grasslands and open woodlands with a rich characteristic orange-yellow
color thus giving the genus its common name, “Goldfields.” Although
the genus comprises five sections now, some sections were previously
considered as separate genera. Chromosome numbers n=4,5,6,7,8,12,16,24
indicate that aneuploidy and polyploidy exist. This study explores
some of the questions posed by earlier morphological studies of
Lasthenia and has resulted in a plausible phylogeny for the
genus. The nuclear ribosomal ITS region was sequenced in two outgroup
species and in at least three replicate samples of each taxon
representing geographically separated populations. Interspecific
sequence divergence was found to be as high as 13 percent. All but one
taxa were found to possess low intraspecific variation. Most
interestingly, an approximately 15 base pair sequence deletion was
found in some L. californica populations but not in others.
This variation did not correspond to whether the L. californica
population was diploid or tetraploid. This deletion was also found in
L. leptalea (Section Burrielia) which is morphologically very
similar to L. californica. Most clades that correspond to
current recognized sections are well supported. However, a few ITS
lineages conflict with sectional circumscription. Preliminary sequence
data from the trnK intron region of chloroplast DNA suggest a
phylogeny that is similar to the one obtained from the ITS region.
This information will serve as a basis for testing the phylogenetic
utility of other DNA regions in Lasthenia.
Key words: Asteraceae, ITS, Lasthenia, phylogeny, trnK intron