An unusual Begonia that sheds staminate flowers prematurely at bud stage was collected from several localities in northern Taiwan. Observations of morphology, pollen stainability, and seed set of this species initially suggest a hybrid origin. Morphological comparisons, distribution patterns, chromosome cytology, and experimental hybridization show that such plants (2 n = 41) consist of F1 hybrids between Begonia formosana (Hayata) Masamune (n = 30) and B. aptera Blume ( n = 11), both of which are widespread in Taiwan and sympatric in most of their ranges. Such hybrids were named Begonia taipeiensis Peng. Experimental hybridization between putative parental species consistently resulted in germinable seeds and healthy F1 plants only when B. aptera was used as the pollen donor. Molecular data obtained from sequences of rbcL-atpB spacer of chloroplast DNA confirmed that recurrent unidirectional hybridization between putative parents in the wild resulted in the formation of B. taipeiensis.

Key words: Begonia aptera, Begonia formosana, Begonia taipeiensis, natural hybridization, Taiwan