The Asteridae s.l., as circumscribed by Olmstead et al. (1992, 1993), comprise about one-third of all angiosperm species. This clade includes almost all sympetalous and iridoid-containing species, and most species have unitegmic-tenuinucellate ovules. To elucidate the evolution of these characters, we used a combined data set of sequences from 18S rDNA, rbcL, ndhF and atpB with a total of 7165 base pairs for 130 genera. The analysis resolved the major lineages of Asteridae s.l., confirming the usefullness of large data sets in phylogenetic systematics. Most of the taxa fall within one of four major clades. The cornalean clade, comprising Cornaceae, Nyssaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Loasaceae and Hydrostachyaceae, is sister to the remaining genera. The ericalean-thealean clade clade consists of taxa traditionally included in Ericales s.l., Primulales and Theales, as well as Polemoniaceae and Balsaminaceae. The third clade comprises the Asterales-Campanulales, Apiales and Dipsacales. The largest clade includes Lamiales, Solanales, Boraginaceae and Gentianales. This analysis allows us to infer patterns of evolution in the evolution of the ovule and the diversification of iridoid biosynthesis.

Key words: Asteridae, molecular systematics