Arabidopsis thaliana roots have closed apical organization where cell files originate from a specific tier of initial cells. The root cap/ protoderm (RCP) initials are arranged in a collar around the columella initials. Periclinal division of the RCP initials gives rise to the peripheral root cap cells and the first protoderm cell forming a T-junction. Transverse sections at the level of the initial tier reveal a spiral pattern of peripheral root cap cells in 2 week old Arabidopsis thaliana roots grown in sand. The spiral pattern was suggested to be derived from sequential divisions of the RCP initials in a particular direction around the collar of initials (1). Externally, spiral patterns of root growth are also seen in the epidermal cell file rotations and in the cork-screwing pattern of roots as they drill downwards. Here we correlate the internal and external spiral patterns of Arabidopsis thaliana grown in agar and in different soil conditions. We test the hypothesis that the cell division pattern causes differential cell expansion around the axis of a root creating a torque which would lead to cell file rotations and the cork-screwing growth pattern of roots. (1) Baum SF and Rost TL. 1996. Root apical organization in Arabidopsis thaliana. 1. Root cap and protoderm. Protoplasma 192: 178-188.

Key words: Arabidopsis thaliana, root, spiral