MATTSON, SARENA M.* AND JEFFREY S. CARMICHAEL. Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202. - Reproductive biology of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.): pollen tube pathway and breeding system analysis.
Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) L. is a herbaceous perennial
that has flourished as a weed of economic and ecological importance
due primarily to its superior reproductive and competitve abilities.
Unfortunately, current research on leafy spurge is lacking in all
areas but control methodology. Thus, virtually no reproductive
studies have been done on this plant. This report is one of a series
aimed at understanding the reproductive biology of this economically
important noxious weed. Flowers at various stages before and after
pollination were collected from natural populations in North Dakota
for use in this study. Results of fluorescence and brightfield
microscopy indicate that stigmas are typically loaded with numerous
pollen grains, but relatively few pollen tubes grow through the stylar
tissue. Pollen is tricellular when shed and the transmitting tissue
is solid. Tube-like cells comprise a putative obturator that extends
into the micropyle. The obturator may facilitate the entry of pollen
tubes into the ovule. Results of self-compatibility and apomixis
studies will also be discussed. Understanding the reproductive
biology of leafy spurge may prove instumental in future methods aimed
at controlling the spread of this plant.
Key words: breeding system, Euphorbia esula, leafy spurge, pollen tube