BRIAND, CHRISTOPHER H.*, SHANNON M. CAMPION, DAMION A. DZAMBO, AND KERRI A. WILSON. Department of Biological Sciences, Henson School of Science and Technology, Salisbury State University, Salisbury MD 21801, USA. - Mechanical properties of the trunk of the devil's walking stick (Aralia spinosa L.): Implications for tree architecture.
The mechanical architecture of the trunk of Aralia spinosa
during the crown building phase is described. All of the trunks
sampled exhibited continuous taper along their length, and taper was
dependent on ramet age and size. The trunks of older, larger ramets
were more tapered than those of younger, smaller ramets. Trunk
specific gravity was positively correlated with both ramet age and
size. Specific gravity declined acropetally in 73% of the trunks
sampled. Bark thickness exhibited an acropetal decline in 93% of the
trunks, while only 60% exhibited a significant decrease in the
percentage of the cross-sectional area of the trunk composed of bark.
Sixty seven percent of the trunks exhibited an acropetal decline in
the percentage of the cross sectional area composed of wood, while all
trunks exhibited an acropetal increase in the percentage of pith. On
average, 47% of the variation in specific gravity could be attributed
to the percentage of wood, while 77% could be attributed to the
percentage of pith. The percentage of the cross sectional area
composed of bark accounted for only 14% of the variation in specific
gravity. Wood specific gravity was generally unrelated to ramet age,
size or position along the length of the trunk. The mechanical
architecture of the trunk of Aralia spinosa exhibits
considerable ontogenetic variation. We suggest that trunk
construction imposes constraints on the maximum size attainable and
the crown form of this species.
Key words: Aralia spinosa, biomechanics, specific gravity, trunk anatomy