PERONI, PATRICIA A.*, KELLY KIEFER, KATHERINE OKEY, AND ALLEN MARSHALL. Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC 28036-1719. - Effects of burial and microhabitat on the survival and genetic composition of seed banks from a white campion (Silene latifolia) metapopulation.
Seed banks have the potential to buffer populations against
environmental uncertainty and to serve as reservoirs of genetic
variation. From the perspective of the metapopulation, these dormant
propagule pools can lower extinction rates for population fragments by
providing a means of maintaining demes that does not require long
distance seed dispersal. This presentation provides previously
unreported data on the effects of 2.5 to 3.5 yr burial on the survival
and genetic composition of white campion (Silene latifolia)
seed banks. We encased seeds in porous fabric packets, buried them to
a depth of 5 cm at 5 randomly selected locations at each of two sites,
and exhumed samples 2.5 and 3.5 yr later. An average of 41% of seeds
survived 3.5 yr of burial, and germination during burial accounted for
almost all losses from the seed bank. Seeds that remained
ungerminated during burial showed 87% survival. Percent germination
during burial varied significantly among burial locations within sites
after both 2.5 and 3.5 yr of burial, but differed significantly
between the two sites only after burial for 3.5 yr. Variation in
percent germination during burial failed to correlate significantly
with percent soil moisture. Comparison of the seeds that survived
2.5 yr burial with the original seed crop indicates that survival in
the seed bank was neutral with respect to sex, heterozygosity, and
genotype at 7 isozyme loci. Data regarding the effects of burial for
3.5 yr on the genetic composition of the seed bank will be presented.
The results collected to date suggest that dormant seed banks may
influence white campion metapopulation dynamics and that these seed
banks serve as relatively unselective reservoirs of genetic variation.
Key words: metapopulation, seed banks, seed ecology, Silene latifolia, white campion