LARSON, KATHERINE C. Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR 72035. - Contrasting circumnutation behavior in congeneric honeysuckle vines.
Virtually all plants and all plant parts rotate slightly about a
central axis, a movement called circumnutation. While all plants
circumnutate, vines show exaggerated circumnutation. This study
contrasts circumnutation in two congeneric twining vines, and examines
the consequences of differences in circumnutation behavior on the
ability of the vines to search for climbing supports. Lonicera
japonica and L. sempervirens were grown in a common garden.
Local climbing supports were placed adjacent to plants and distant
supports were placed 1.5m away. Both species produced vertically
oriented shoots that circumnuted at similar rates (about 40 compass
degrees per hour). Vertically oriented shoots of both species
successfully found and climbed local supports at the same rate.
However, the species differed in the behavior of horizontally oriented
shoots. Horizontal shoots produced by L. japonica had reduced
circumnutation compared to vertical L. japonica shoots. In
contrast, horizontal shoots of L. sempervirens continued to
circumnutate at rates equal to vertical shoots. The horizontal shoots
of both species root at the nodes (100% rooting success for nodes less
than 2 cm above the ground surface), and thus function as stolons.
The reduced circumnutation rate of L. japonica horizontal
shoots resulted in straight growing shoots with 21% of the nodes less
than 2cm above the ground. In contrast, the continued circumnutation
of L. sempervirens horizontal shoots resulted in shoots that
spiraled across the ground with only 8% of the nodes less than 2cm
above the ground. The capacity of L. japonica to produce
shoots with specialized circumnutation behavior allowed it to climb
local supports and establish more rooted nodes near distant supports,
while the lack of shoot specialization in L. sempervirens
resulted in it being less effective in placing rooted nodes near
distant supports.
Key words: circumnutation, foraging, Lonicera japonica, Lonicera sempervirens, vines