BURNS, K.C. University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Biology, 621 Circle Drive South, Box 951606, Los Angeles, California 90095-1606. - Patterns of morphological plasticity parallel mechanisms of niche differentiation in temperate rainforest Vaccinium shrubs.
The abundance and leaf morphology of three Vaccinium shrub
species were measured across a gradient in abiotic conditions in
British Columbia, Canada. Light levels and wind speeds decreased as
soil moisture increased across transects extending from the shoreline
into the forest understory. Leaf morphology varied similarly in all
species across transects, presumably in response to changing abiotic
conditions. Leaf sclerophylly (ratio of leaf mass to area) was higher
at the shoreline in all three species. Similarly, each species had
distinct abundance patterns associated with species specific values of
leaf sclerophylly. Vaccinium ovatum had highly sclerophyllous
leaves and was more abundant at the shoreline; Vaccinium
parvifolium showed intermediate sclerophylly and peaked in
abundance in transitional habitats; Vaccinium ovalifolium had
lowest sclerophylly and was most abundant in forested areas.
Abundance results were supported by an investigation of
Vaccinium occurrence patterns on a group of near-by islands.
Therefore, patterns of morphological plasticity parallel trends niche
differentiation with respect to environmental conditions. These
trends provide strong indirect support for the importance of adaptive
morphology in promoting niche differentiation in Vaccinium
shrubs.
Key words: leaf specific mass, morphological plasticity, niche partitioning, Vaccinium