FAIVRE, AMY E. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. - Variation in incompatibility system and floral morphology of three heterostylous species in Rubiaceae.
Members of Rubiaceae have a variety of pollinator syndromes and the
family includes more heterostylous species than any other angiosperm
family. The incompatibility system and floral dimensions at anthesis
were recorded for three differently related heterostylous taxa in
Rubiaceae. It is hypothesized that patterns of the heterostylous
syndrome will be most similar between more closely related taxa or,
alternatively, between taxa that share similar pollinators. Data were
collected from populations of hummingbird-pollinated Psychotria
poeppigiana at La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica and in
Soberania National Park, Panama, and from hawkmoth-pollinated P.
chiapensis also at La Selva. Hummingbird-pollinated Bouvardia
ternifolia was studied in the Catalina and Santa Rita Mountains
near Tucson, Arizona. Hand-pollinations of flowers in each species
tested self, intramorph, and intermorph fertility. The
incompatibility system was characterized by location of cessation in
pollen tube growth. In all three species, cessation of incompatible
pollen tubes appeared to be different between long-style and
short-style flowers. In short-style flowers, the incompatibility
reaction typically occurred at the stigmatic surface. In long-style
flowers of P. poeppigiana the incompatibility reaction most
often occurred in the style. In long-style flowers of Psychotria
chiapensis and Bouvardia ternifolia the incompatibility
reaction occurred either in the stigma or style. Flowers of all three
species have significant differences in stigma and anther heights at
anthesis corresponding to long-style and short-style flowers.
However, stigma and anther heights of long-style and short-style
flowers are not reciprocal. Anther heights form a near continuum from
long-style to short-style flowers in each species. Stigmas of
long-style and short-style flowers from both populations of P.
poeppigiana fall into two distinct height categories. Stigma
heights of floral morphs overlap in some plants of Bouvardia
ternifolia in both populations studied and in P.
chiapensis.
Key words: Bouvardia, floral morphology, heterostyly, incompatibility system, Psychotria, Rubiaceae