LEVERICH, JOE. Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis MO 63103. - Fitness effects of simulated early herbivory.
Among the factors which have significant roles in determining the
success of plants, herbivory is known to affect both viability and
fertility components of fitness. Herbivory is also known to influence
the relative allocation of biomass production to leaves, roots,
storage tissue, and to reproductive tissue. While the effects of
herbivory can be lethal to individual plants, the more likely effects
are to reduce the realized fitness of damaged plants to below that of
plants which escape herbivory. Although it has been proposed that
adaptation in response to the pressure of herbivory might select for
genotypes which can tolerate or even flourish under a regime of
herbivory, supportive data are scant and the idea remains
controversial. This simple study examines, under controlled
conditions, the effect of simulated minor early foliage herbivory on
Raphanus sativus. The study measures (1) the accumulation of
biomass, (2) the allocation of biomass to above-ground biomass versus
below-ground (storage) biomass, and (3) the production of flowers and
seeds. As expected, treated plants were consistently smaller at every
stage; treated plants consistently allocated a larger fraction of
their production to above-ground biomass, affecting the root/shoot
ratio. In terms of reproductive performance, however, effects were
less clear.
Key words: fitness, herbivory, Raphanus