LAMONT, SUSAN R.*, DR. W.H. ESHBAUGH, AND DR. ADOLPH GREENBERG. Department of Botany, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, . - Species composition, diversity, and use of homegardens in three Amazonian villages.
Homegardens have a long tradition in many tropical countries, although
their structure, function, species composition, and management vary
throughout different regions of the world. Research on homegardens
has been gaining interest in recent years for their potential as
models of economically efficient, ecologically sustainable
agroforestry systems. Species composition, structure and function of
homegardens may be influenced by ecological, socio-economic and
cultural factors. Homegardens were studied in three villages in the
Peruvian Amazon, differing in terms of cultural background, distance
to urban market, and involvement in tourism. Data were collected on
size of homegarden, species composition, species abundance and use of
plants in the homegarden. Comparison of homegardens among the
villages showed that involvement in the tourist craft market had the
greatest impact on species composition and use of plants in the
homegardens. Although homegardens in all three villages served
important functions as sources of foods, market products, medicinals,
construction and craft materials, homegardens in the village involved
with tourism were smaller, less species rich, with a lower diversity
of fruit trees. This reflects a decreased reliance on homegardens in
that village for subsistence and market products due to cash available
through the tourist craft market.
Key words: agroforestry, ethnobotany, homegardens, Peruvian Amazon