Fossiliferous horizons of the Early Miocene section at Bilina, North Bohemia, Czech Republic, have yielded a wealth of aquatic plants. Salvinia reussii Ettingshausen, which is characteristic of floats and bisporangiate sporocarps with in situ S. cerebrata Nikitin megaspores, dominates the assemblage. Azolla spp. and some rare and partly new angiosperms have been found in association: sterile plants of Elephantosotis dvorakii Kvacek gen. et sp. n. (? Scrophulariaceae), leaves of Stratiotiphyllum schaarschmidtii Kvacek gen. et sp. n. associated with seeds of Stratiotes kalternnordheimensis (Zenker) Keilhack (Hydrocharitaceae), leaves of Hydrochariphyllum buzekii Kvacek (Hydrocharitaceae), sterile plants of Limnobiophyllum expansum (Heer) Kvacek (Araceae) associated with seeds of Lemnospermum buzekii Kvacek sp. n. (Araceae), leaves of Lemna sp. (Lenmaceae), and enigmatic fruits of “Trapa” credneri Schenk. The assemblages of aquatic plants are bound to alluvial plain deposits. Remnants of riparian forests and thickets with Salix, Alnus, Taxodium, Acer, Cercidiphyllum, Ulmus, and Rubus have been recorded in adjacent layers.

Key words: Aquatic plants, Europe, Paleobotany, Salvinia, Tertiary