MAHONEY, ALISON MCKENZIE. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. - Packera paupercula -- predatory compilo-species or mare's nest of convergent species-in-progress?
Packera paupercula is the most widely distributed and variable
member of this newly segregated North American genus of herbaceous
perennials. In addition to ecotypic and polyploid races, certain
populations appear to intergrade morphologically with other regionally
widespread Packera species with which they come in contact.
Barriers to hybridization are low within the genus and introgression
has been postulated. Because important taxonomic features are largely
vegetative, this intergradation makes identification of taxa
difficult. Recent field work, study of herbarium specimens, and
chromosome counts suggest that certain Packera populations have
been misidentified. Populations from the black prairie soils of
Alabama, previously identified as P. anonyma, are probably
P. paupercula. P. plattensis, a Great Plains tetraploid
with a base chromosome number of 23, may have a much smaller
distribution than previously thought: chromosome counts from putative
disjunct eastern populations of this species have a base chromosome
number of 22, like that of eastern P. paupercula. Some
midwestern populations historically identified as P. plattensis
represent a morphologically distinct stoloniferous entity, again with
a base chromosome number of 22. Western P. paupercula appears
to have a base chromosome number of 23, suggesting that it may not be
closely related to eastern populations. Detailed field observations,
a common garden experiment, multivariate analysis of morphological
characters, chromosome counts, crossing experiments and soil analyses
are complemented by an inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis to
infer inter- and intraspecific relationships among geographically
isolated populations of Packera paupercula and its relatives,
both widespread and restricted. New GIS-based distribution maps have
been generated. Biogeography of the P. paupercula complex and
recommendations for the recognition of taxa at specific and
subspecific levels will be discussed.
Key words: Packera paupercula complex, Packera, Senecio