Catharine A. MacKinnon [1946–], Elizabeth A. Long Professor of Law [at The University of Michigan Law School], specializes in sex equality issues under international and constitutional law. She pioneered the legal claim for sexual harassment and, with Andrea Dworkin, created ordinances recognizing pornography as a civil rights violation. The Supreme Court of Canada accepted her approaches to equality, pornography, and hate speech. Her 11 scholarly books include [Feminism Unmodified (1987),] Toward a Feminist Theory of the State (1989), Only Words (1993), Sex Equality (2001), and Women's Lives, Men's Laws (2005). She is published in scholarly journals, the popular press, and in many languages. She has represented Bosnian women survivors of Serbian genocidal sexual atrocities since 1992, winning with co-counsel a damage award of $745 million in August 2000. Their case, Kadic v. Karadzic, first recognized rape as an act of genocide. She co-directs The Lawyers Alliance for Women (LAW) Project of Equality Now, an NGO promoting international sex equality rights for women. Professor MacKinnon holds a B.A. from Smith College, a J.D. from Yale Law School, and a Ph.D. in political science from Yale. She has taught at Yale, Chicago, Harvard, Osgoode Hall, Stanford, Basel (Switzerland), and Columbia, spent a year at the Institute for Advanced Study, and practices and consults nationally and internationally. She is one of the most widely-cited legal scholars in English. (from UM Law School faculty website).