][ STEEL STRUCTURES ][

			The Complete Guide to
			  Steel Framed Homes
				by
		Prof. Hermann Gruenwald, Ph.D., AIA

		Copyright 1996 by Hermann Gruenwald
			All Rights Reserved

First Edition
First Printing
Copyright ( 1996 by Hermann Gruenwald

Printed in the United States of America

Reproduction or publication of the content in any manner,
without express written permission of the publisher, is prohibited.
No liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information herein.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Gruenwald, Hermann
	The Complete Guide to
	Steel Framed Homes

ISBN				(hard)
ISBN				(pbk.)


Contents
Foreword					I - iii
Who should read this book			IV
Dedication

I.	Introduction	

II.	History

III.	Resistance to the Elements
		Fire
		Termites
		Earthquakes
		Energy
		Lightning
		Maintenance

IV.	Sustainability
		Wind
		Snow

VI.	Design Issues

VII. 	Building Systems
		HVAC
		Electric
		Plumbing

IX. 	Construction Issues

X. 	Systems

XI.	Associations

XII.	Manufacturers
	Advanced Framing Systems, Inc.		AFS
	Tri-Steel Structures, Inc. 			TSS

XIII.	Tool Manufacturers
	Hilti

XIV.	Suppliers
	Western Metal

XV.	Annodated Bibliography
	interesting books

XVI.	Index
	rust

XVII.	References

XVIII.	Residential Steel Framing Bibliography

Sleave cover

List of Tables

List of Figures

Foreword - Prologue
	by AISI

Who Should read this Book 
Steel homes in Black and White

This book was written with several audiences in mind. Adressing their various and similiar needs of answering the question on why and how to build residential structures with steel. This book is a helpful resource for:
		appraisers
		architects
		builders
		building designers
		construction trades
		developers
		do-it-yourselfer
		engineers
		framers
		homebuyers
		insurance agents 
		interior designers
		steel frame home dealers
		structural engineers
		students
		vocational

Dedication

This book is dedicated to the loving memory of all the individuals who profoundly influenced the development of the steel framed home.
						Dr. Hermann Gruenwald


Chapter 1
I. Introduction

	Until now, residential construction has remained virtually unchanged over the last century; however a new method of home building has emerged from the commercial segment of the building industry - the steel framed home.

	Given increasing lumber prices and decreasing quality of lumber, over the past several years, framers, builders and developers alike are looking for alternative building materials, along with a more educated home buying public.

	As mentioned above a greater number of individual homebuyers is looking at steel as the building material of choice for their house, disregarding the fact that they build the house themselves or have somebody build it for them.
 	
Chapter 2
II. History

From stone age to the iron age.
Metal first used.
Eifel tower
Christal Pallace
Empire State Building
Golden Gate Bridge
Metal Buildings
Buckminster Fuller
Lustron Homes
A-Frame
Modified A-Frame
Commercial framing
Straigth wall models

Terms:
	house of the future
	industrialized building
	factory-made house
	factory-made home
	knock-down buildings
	low-cost housing
	low-income housing
	Metallhaeuser
	Steel Houses
	transportable house
	grundrisslose metallhaeuser

(Figure:    )
Year			Historical Event		Steel Framing Milestone
		stone age 
		iron age.
		Eifel tower
		Christal Pallace
		Empire State Building
		Golden Gate Bridge
		Metal Buildings
ca 1800	Fairbairn and Grantham
			first iron-prefabs
1924 		Frigyes (Friedrich) Foerster of Budapest
			copper houses patent application
1925		Boehler System
			Wien - Austria
			Alfred Schmid = architect
			experimental house in Kapfenberg
1926		Luckhardt brothers & Anker
			private house in germany
		Mebes & Emmerich
			large apartment development Berlin-Britz
			built by Philip Holzmann
April		Woehr Brothers Ironworks at Unterkochen
			five-roomed house
			Stahltafelbau
				steel framing covered with 3mm steel plates
				well insulated with Torfuleum	
August 26	Braune & Roth, Leipzig
			Haus "Sonne"
 		Carl Kaestner & Co.
			Muche-Paulick steel house at Dessau
		Deutsche Schiffs-und Maschinenbau- AG
		Stahlhaus-Baugesellschaft m.b.H
			Duisburg
			subsidiary of
			Vereiningte Stahlwerke
			Stahllamellenbau
			experimental house	Kaiserburg-Duisburg
			groups of houses Duisburg & Munich
			Heinrich Blecken = architect = director of construction
1928		Boehler System
			establishes branch in Berlin
			exterior Heraklith
			Eternit asbestos sheeting
1930		Hirsch Kupfer-und Messingwerke
			at Halberstadt, Werne, Ilsenberg, Eberswalde
			hired Foerster & Kraft
			U.S. patent application
			6 models
			24 hour erection time
			10,900 reichs mark	 
			exhibitions in Paris & Berlin
		Thiess & Co. 
			of Hamburg
			represent Hirsch in Latin America
			Buenos Aires
		U.S. Copper and Brass Research Association
			studies Hirsch House
1931		Gropius works as consultant for Hirsch
			design, technical research & marketing
			K1 house design
			M = multi family 
		Boehler System
			Boehler-Stahlskelett-Bauweise
			Bauwelt Musterschau
			Kuhnert & Pfeifer architects
			low-cost housing
			flat roof
1931		Anaconda Copper Mining Co of New York
			in June ordered Hirsch Homes
			2 Fruehlingstraum 15,901 kg
			1 Kupfercastell 15,513 kg
			for New York, Los Angeles and Houston
1932		Werfthaus System Bartning
		Walter Gropius
			Growing House using Hirsch system
			Berlin Growing House Exhibition
		Hirsch went bankrupt in December and changed to
		Deutsche Kupferhaus Gesellschaft
			Rene Schwartz new director
			65 Unter den Linden, Berlin = showroom 
1933		Hitler Chancellor
			January 30, 1933
		Boehler went under
		Deutsche Kupferhaus Gesellschaft (DKG)
			November Herbert Markowicz agent in Haifa
			first shipment of homes to Palestine
			12.5% duty		
1934		DKG - Tuchler House Haifa
		Kletzin Steel House 
			Ludwig Kletzin, Berlin
			Transformbau-Kletzin Co.
			German Steel Houses for Tropical Lands
1940		Buckminster Fuller
late 1940s	Lustron Homes by 
		Carl G. Strandlund
1950		Lustron out of business
		2000 homes shipped
1968		coldformed steel code
		Quonset hut
late 1960s	Easy A division
		Al Leonpacher
		LaFayette, Louisiana
		modified A
		Mod A	
1972		Tri-Steel Structures
		A-Frame
		Modified A-Frame
		Double Eagle
		DE3036SO2
		Commercial framing
		Straigth wall models
		Futurama Homes by
		Futurama Systems
		divisions of Berry Farm Supply, Inc.
		Seneccor's steel panel solar wedge by
		Seneccor Ltd. designed by
		Prof. Marc Harrison
		Rhode Island School of Design
		commissioned by ILZRO
1980		coldformed steel code refined
		AFS
		Angeles Metals

Chapter 3
III. Environmental Factors
	Fire



Fire will be limited to the content.
Less fuel contributed to the fire.
Lower homeowners insurance

Lightning


 Attrects lightning no more than other buildings on same ellevation.
Wood explodes due to enclosed moisture.
Seismic


Seismic designed for seismic zone 4.

	Snow


stanard loading varies by manufacutrer 20 lb/sqft standard for most parts of the country.
Higher elevations may require 40 lb/sqft or up to 200 lb//sqft.
Be aware of extra charges for extra snow load (roof-load

	Wind


Be aware of extra charges for higher wind load. 
Standard wind loading may vary from 70 mph to 80 mph.
Southern Florida Building Code requires 120 mph plus an extra guss factor within three (3) miles of the coast line
Steel framed homes can withstand winds exceeding 100 miles per hour.
When Hurricane Hugo struck the Caribbean and the East Coast destroying hundreds of conventional homes, many of the steel framed residential structures located in the midst of the destruction were not damaged or sustained only minor exterior damage. Steel framed homes can be designed for wind load requirements exceeding 155 mph.
Fig. 2-2 (courtesy of Tri-Steel)
Chapter 4
IV. Sustainability
	Energy
		Heating and Cooling
		Embodied Energy
	Environemental
		Recycling
		Land fills
	Maintenance
		Termites
		Rott
		Warp
		Rust

Chapter 5
V. Design
	
	Building Codes:

	Basic Building Code (BBC)
	4051 West Flossmoor Road
	Country Club Hills, IL 60478-5795
	(708) 799-2300 phone
	(708) 799-4981 fax
	Paul K. Heilstedt
	CEO

	Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc	(BOCA)
	4051 West Flossmoor Road
	Country Club Hills, IL 60478-5795
	(800) 323-1103 phone
	(708) 799-2300 phone
	(708) 799-4981 fax
	Paul K. Heilstedt
	CEO

	International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO)
	5360 South Workman Mill Road
	Whittier, CA 90601
	(800) 336-1963 phone
	(310) 699-0541 phone
	(310) 692-3852 fax
	John Traw
	President

	Southern Florida Building Code
	Southern Building Code Congress International	(SBCC)
	900 Montclair Road
	Birmingham, AL 35213-1206
	(205) 591-1853 phone
	(205) 592-7001 fax
	William Tangye
	CEO


	State Building Codes
	New York State

	Design Services
		Architectural
		Structural Engineering
		Structural Details

	Design Flexibility
		Primary Structural system

	[		[		[		[
             bay spacing      1'-6"           2', 4',6', 8'



		1'-6" bay spacing
				wood
				stick for stick
		2'-0" bay spacing	
				second story
				builder systems
		4'-0" bay	
				afs first floor
		6'-0" bay spacing of 
				A frames
				old straight walls
				old AFS models
		8'-0" bay spacing
				tri-steel models
		odd bay spacing
				hip roofs TSS
				extra charge

		Secondary Bay spacing
		2'-0"	O.C.
				interior walls
			  	exterior wall studs
				floor joists
				purlins

		Exterior Walls
		8" Mtl. Studs
		1.5" furring outside 6" mtl. stud 7/8" furring inside	

	Exterior
		Building shape
			ranch
			colonial
			salt-box
	one story
	two story
	three story
	Roof types
			gable
			hip
			flat
			max. roof pitch

				up-charge
					truss
						max. spacing
					rafter
						purlins
						no purlins
				roofing material
					composition shingles
					shakes
					slate
					metal tile
					clay tile
					concrete tile	
					standing seam roof
						structural 
						non-structural
					metal roof
		Foundation
			slab
			basement
			crawlspace
				load distribution
				floor-systems	
		Finishes
	Illustrated below are the Tri-Steel Structures, Inc. Bedford and the Enterprise models. Each is shown with only three of the almost infinite number of exterior treatments possible with each standard model. From Traditional to Contemporary, from Country to Spanish; the style and floorplan of your Lifetime Home is limited only by your preferences and imagination.
p 6. lifetime home magazine.
			brick
				need for plywood
			stucco
				cracking
			wood siding
			metal siding
			massonry infill
			curtain wall
			tilt-up construction

		Door & Window Placement
			sidewall
			endwall
			maximum opening
The maximum opening may be limited by the bay spacing.  If the opening width exceeds the bay spacing headers will be required which add material and substental detailing and shop time.

	[		[		[		[
             bay spacing      1'-6"           2', 4',6', 8'



			conflict with columns

	[		[		[		[
             		   door/ window placement


			cost of headers


	[		[		[		[
             		  header over 2 or 3 bays



			half-round windows on top
The placement of semi-circular and triangular or trapezodial windows on top of standard size windows may cause some problems with some of the designs. Some of the Tr-Steel homes and some other manufacturers require
 the installation of a horizontal ceiling beam which is approximately at the 8'-0" line depending on the ceiling height this beam is between 8" and 10" deep which separatels the lower window from the window on top


Arch window
Ceiling Beam
Window
  

		Ceiling Heights
				workpoints
				top-plate
				without top plate
				standard heights
		finished ceiling
		  8'
		  9'
		10'
		12'
		finished floor

				overall building height
		ridge point	

		buildingheight
		grade
		
		Ceiling Types
				flat
			

				sloped
(
3, 4, 6, 8, 12:12

				cathedral




				recessed
				
						
				coffered

			
	




		Floor Systems
			first floor
			second floor
			third-floor
			attic





	attic
	3rd floor

	2nd floor

	first floor


				thickness
					floor beam + joists
	joist				[
	floor beam


				cost
			compatible with other floor systems?
				
				wood
2x6				
2x8
glue lam
lam
trusses


				concrete

				
				composition slab



		Diaphraghm
			diagonal bracing
		


			wall



			ceiling - floor

		Expandability
		Remodel

	Interior
		Load bearing elements
			walls


			columns


				spacing

	[		[		[		[
             bay spacing      1'-6"               2'-0"




				thickness
					3 5/8" [
					6"       [
					8"       [
					where to make it up

Floorplans lifetime 7 -19 straigtwall
			8     slantwall
AFS


Other applications:
multi-family
medical facilities
hotels
schools
funeral homes
strip-shopping
office buildings		
Chapter 6
VI. Materials
	specifications
	Sweets Cataloge
	ARCAT by Architect's Catalog, Inc.

  
	16 CSI Masterformat Divisions

	Metals					
	Division 5

	Metal Materials					05010
	Metal Coatings					05030
	Metal Fastening					05050
	Metal Framing Structural				05100
	Metal Joists					05200
	Metal Decking					05300
	Cold Formed Metal Framing			05400
	Metal Fabrication					05500 
	Sheet Metal Fabrication				05580
	Ornamental Metal				05700


	Finishes						Division 9
	Metal Support Systems				09100
	Non-Load Bearing Wall Framing Systems		09110
	Ceiling Suspension Systems			09120
	Accoustical Suspension Systems			09130
	Lath and Plaster					09200
	Furring and Lathing				09205
	Gypsum Plaster					09210
	Veneer Plaster					09215
	Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum			09240
	Gypsum Board					09250
	Gypsum Board Systems				09260
	Gypsum Board Accessories			09270
	Painting Materials				09900
	Exterior Painting					09910


	Special Construction				Division 13
	Pre-Engineered Structures				13120
	Pre-Engineered Buildings				13121
	Metal Building Systems				13122
	Glazed Structures					13123
	Portable and Mobile Buildings			131249
	Prefabricated Dome Structures			13132
	Cable Supported Structures			13135
	Fabric Structures					13140
	Log Structures					13142

	keywords
	metal building systems				13120
	metal coatings					09800
							09900
	metal decking					05300
	

	gage
	primary steel
	secondary steel
	fasteners
	coating class
	paint

	Studs:
	C-Chanel
	Track
		3 5/8"
		6"
		8"
	Purlins
	Furring
		7/8"
		1 1/2"
		2"
		Hat Chanels

	Proprietary Shapes
		Gus-Truss

	Metal Roof
		structural roof
		none-structural
		standing seam roof
		Metal Tile

	Metal Deck
		

	Wood Sheating
		5/8" Plywood
		Wafer Board
		Spacer Clips

	Sheatrock
		5/8" interior
		5/8" exterior

	Insulation Material
		Batt Insulation
		Blow-In Insulation

	Insulator Material

	Fasteners
		self-drilling
		chemical anchorbolts

Chapter 7
VII. Material Suppliers
	Delta
	MBCI
	
Chapter 8
VIII. Structural Systems
A-Frame

Metal Building Frame
	Tri-Steel Lifetime homes
		p 5 lifetime home brochure

Truss

Propriatary Shapes

Hybrids

Chapter 9	
IX. Building Technology
	Plumbing
	HVAC		
	space for HVAC
	electrical
	mechanical

Chapter 10
X. Construction dos & don'ts

	1.	Tools
2 extension ladders
power saw
hmmer
chalk line
square
chaulking gun
electric, heavy-duty drill
extension cords
welder vice grips = C-clamps 2 pairs
magnetic socket 2 3/8"
open end wrenches (3/4" and 7/8")
spud wrench
assorted sockets and ratchets (3/4" deep socket preferable)
1/2" rope (4 sets of 50')
4' magnetic level
screwgun
4 come-a-longs
100-foot tape measure
100-foot of nylon string

	2.	Labor
	3.	Time
	4.	Cost
	techniques
		page 4 lifetime home brochure
		page 63 A frame
	short-cuts
	pre-construction

Pre-Delivery
Prepare site. 
Figure out and layout storage and staging area.
Determine where to locate crane so that from one central point all areas can be reached without the requirement to move the crane

Foundation
	Foundation design and construction is the single most important step in the building procedures of the steel framed home. It is essential that all concrete work be done in accordance with A.C. 1 301 Specifications for Structural Concrete, A.C. 1 302 Recommended Practice for Concrete Floor and Slab Construction, and A.C. 1 318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforcing Concrete. Concrete bars shall be detailed in accordance with the A.C. 1 Detailing Manual.

Foundations must be designed for the applicable reactions and must be adequate to resist all of the crucial combinations of load conditions. Reactions are furnished typicallly by the steel framed home manufacturer.

Anchorbolts if required should be standard J-bolt type ASTM A-307 or equal.
Anchorbolts are typically not included in the standard home package as they have to be placed prior to arrival of the steel framed home package.
  
	frames (if you have them)
		crane	
Walls
		top plate
		bottom track
		framed openings
		doors
		windows
		electrical
		mechanical
		insulation
Batt insulation 2'-0" wide for 2'-0" bay spacing 9" deep for 8" metal studs.
You loose some insulation value as the 9" will be condenced in the 8" cavity.
Sheating
Sheet rock to be placed on the inside of the wall 1/2" sheet rock is minimum required for 2'-0" bay spacing. 5/8" sheet rock offers better stability and is recommended. 
Exterior Finish
The exterior of the walls in most cases count for the diphram in the structural calculations and requires 5/8" APA approved plywood or 5/8" wafer board. Exterior sheetrock with equvalent diaphragm value may substitute.

interior finish





Roof
From a structural and construction standpoint  the roof types can be divided into truss framed and rafter framed. Trusses are often more cost effective and easier to assemble and prefabricate. Rafters on the other side provide more flexibility and less obstruction of the attic space.
Type:				Note:			Slope:			Span:
scissor truss 			3:12 difference	6:12 min.		20'-60'
normal truss			attic obstructed	3:12 min		20'-60'
				diagonals	3,4,6,8,12,
modified truss			verticals only	
rafter framed			no obstruction	0,3,4,6,8,12,		16'-30'
						flat roof

standard truss		




scissor truss
typically
3:12 difference in slope
inside/outside



truss



rafter




	interior partions
		plumbing wall
	floor systems
		joists
		decking
	tools
		tool list
Lifting Equipment
Verify what type and size of lifitng equipment is required with the selected project size and type of construction. 
Light gage residential steel framing can in most cases be handled without major lifting equipment. Trusses are assembled on the ground and can be lifted into place with the help of four (4) plus man, who support the buttom cord and put the truss in place.
Heavier red-iron construction typically requires some kind of lifting equipment as described below. In most cases crane reach is more critical than the lifting capability. Forklifts and frontend loaders are often a viable alternative and may be used as long as they are not placed on the slab which will manifast a OSHA violation.  
		crane
		pole truck
		sign truck
		scissor lift
		scaffolding
		all terraine forklift
		front-end loader
	


Maintenance	
Steel framed homes have no problem with warping, creeping, splitting, splintering, which makes them virtually maintenance free
Galvanized and red-oxide paint prevent corrosion and rust.

Chapter 11
X. Cost


Architectural Fee
The fees may cover cahnages to the standard floor plans such as changing room sizes and/or locations, and adding or deleting bays or fractions of bays. Many times these fees don't apply to any project where structural changes are necessary.
Some firms refund portion of the fee at the time of the home order.

	Architectural seals
	Custom design
	Mirror image 
	Stock Plans

Engineering Fee
Many of the steel framed home manufacturers can provide engineering seals on drawings and structural calculations when required. These seals will be applied to all drawing pages related to the basic home structure by a professional engineer registered in the state in which the structure is to be built.
Enginering seals
Engineering calculations
Letter of certification


Fabrication Drawings
Steel framed homes require fabrication drawings which illustrate to the fabricator how to mark, cut, drill, weld and assemble the structure.

Raw Material 

Fabrication 

Shipping Cost

Framing

Finishing

Electrical

Mechanical

Plumbing




Financing

Energy

Insurance

Maintenace

Resale

Financing
Steel framed homes have been approved for financing by VA, FHA and lending institutions across the USA and Canada.
Banks and Savings & Loans are primary sources of mortgages for steel framed homes and approvals are made on the basis of individual application.





Request to reader to provide up-dates corrections, etc.
	
	ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project could not have been completed without the help of many people.

	I would like to thank 
the following friends and advisors for their contributions to this project

	John F. Brown
	Donald R. Moody

Definitions:
========
Steel Framed Homes
Manufactured Housing
Modular Home
Mobile Home
Acronyms

AFS		Advanced Framing Systems, Inc
AIA		American Institute of Architects
AISI		American Iron and Steel Institute
BOCA		Building Official Conference of America
C		C shaped channel
G60
G90
I		Moment of Inertia
ICBO		International Conference of Building Officials
M		Moment
TSS		Tri-Steel Structures, Inc.

Formulas:
=======
M = l/
l/360		Deflection
Foundation



INDEX:
======
Advanced Framing Systems, Inc.
Airconditioning
Aluminum Siding
Aluminum Windows
Architectural Services
Assembly

Basements
Bathrooms
Bedrooms
Bracing
Brick
Builder
Building Code
Building Officials

Cabinets
C - Chanel
Composition Deck
Concrete
Concrete Floors
Concrete Panels
Concrete Walls
Contractor
Cooling
Crane
Crawlspace

Dealer
Decking
Design
Designer
Developer
Doors

Electrical
Endwall
Energy
Energy Efficiency
Exterior

Family Room
Fasteners
Floor Covering	
Floor Joists
Floor System
	Composition Deck
	Plywood
Foundation
	Basement
	Crawlspace
	Slab
	Wood
Framer
Framing
Furring

Gable Vent
Galvanized Steel
Garages
Greenhouses
Gutter

Hallway
Hand Tools
Hardware
Hat Chanel
Heating
Home
Housing

ICBO
Industrial Design
Insulation
Interior Design
Interior Walls

Joists

Kitchen
Kitchen Kabinets

Ladders
Liquid Nails
Loghomes

Maintenance
Manufacturing
Manufactured Homes
Metal Buildings
Metal Deck
Metal Purlins
Metal Studs
Metal Track
Mirrors
Modular Home
Modules

Nails

Paneling
Plywood sheating
Plywood decking
Purlins

Ridge 
Ridge Flashing
Ridge Vents
Roof Details
Roofing
Roof Sheeting
Roof Slope
Roof Soffits
Roof Trusses
Rough Openings

Screw Gun
Screws
Screws, Philips
Screws, self-drilling
Second Floor
Shades
Shakes
Sheating Roof
Sheating Wall
Sheet Steel
Shutters
Sidewall
Siding
Siding Aluminum
Siding Horizontal
Siding Log
Siding Steel
Siding Vertical
Siding Wood
Slab
Solar Heating
Solar Home
Spanish Tile
Stairways
Standing Seam Roof
Steel
Steel Framing
Steel Homes
Steel Home Manufacturers
Steel Roofing

Tile
Tools
Track
Trim
Trusses

Vacation Homes
Ventilation
Vents

Walls
Welding
Welding Process
Windows
Window treatments
Wood decking
Wood siding
	horicontal
	vertical

Zinc 

Steel Framing Systems
A-Frame
Metal Building
Stick framing

Associations:
=========
American Bureau for Metal Statistics, Inc. 		(ABMS)
400 Plaza Drive
P.O. Box 1405
Secaucus, NJ 07094-0405
(201) 863-6900 phone
(201) 863-6050 fax

American Concrete Institute 			(ACI)
P.O. Box 19150
Detroit, MI 48219-0150
(313) 532-2600 phone
(313) 538-0655 fax
George F. Leyh
Executive Vice President

American Forest and Paper Association
American Wood Council
1111 19th Street N.W.
Washington, DC 20036
(202) 463-2733 phone
(202) 463-2791 fax

American Galvanizers Association 			(AGA)
12200 East Iliff Avenue, Suite 204
Aurora, CO 80014-1252
(800) 468-7732 phone
(303) 750-2900 phone
(303) 750-2909 fax
David G. Bueche
Application Engineer

American Institute for International Steel		(AIIS)
555 13th Street N.W., Suite 500-W
Washington, DC 20004-1109
(202) 628-3878 phone
(202) 737-3134 fax
Bess A. Feig
Executive Director
 


American Institute of Steel Construction		(AISC)
1 East Wacher Drive, Suite 3100
Chicago, IL 60601-2001
(312) 670-2400 phone
(312) 670-5403 fax
Neil Zundel
President

American Iron and Steel Institute			(AISI)
1101 17th Street N.W., Suite 1300
Washington, DC 20036-4700
(202) 452-7100
(303) 463-6573
Andrew Ziolkowski
Director/Construction Manager

American Plywood Association			(APA)
P.O. Box 11700
Tacoma, WA 98411-0700
(206) 565-6600 phone
(206) 565-7265 fax
David L. Rogoway
President

Portland Cement Association			(PCA)
5420 Old Orchard Road
Skokie, IL 60077-1083
(708) 966-6200 phone
(708) 966-9781 fax
John P. Gleason Jr.

Steel Deck Institute				(SDI)
P.O. Box 9506
Canton, OH 44711
(216) 493-7886 phone
(216) 493-7886 fax
Bernard E. Cromi
Executive Director

Steel Joist Institute				(SJI)
1205 48th Avenue N. Suite A
Myrtle Beach, SC 29577-5424
(803) 449-0487 phone
(803) 449-1343 fax
R. Donald Murphy
Managing Director


Manufacturers 
of 
Metal Homes

Advanced Framing Systems, Inc.			AFS		
215 West Hickory Street, Suite 200
Denton, Texas 76201
(800) 252-0069 Phone
(817) 566-5656 Phone
(817) 382-1170 Fax 

American Studco
2525 North 27th Avenue
Phoenix, AZ 85009
(800) 877-8823 Phone
(602) 269-1324 Fax

Angeles Metal Systems
4817 E. Sheila Street
Los Angeles, CA 90040
(213) 268-1777 phone
(213) 268-8996 fax

Southern Structures, Inc.
P.O. Box 52005
Lafayette, LA 70505-2005
(318) 856-5981 phone
(318) 856-5989 fax

Tri-Steel Structures, Inc. 			TSS		Lifetime Homes
5300 South Stemmons
Corinth, Texas
(800) TRI-STEE
(817) Phone
(817) Fax
e-mail:  	tristeel@
internet:	

Suppliers
	Western Metal

Annodated Bibliography
interesting books

References
Hermann

Residential Steel Framing Bibliography
Herman

About this book:
All photographs were made with Kodak colorchrome film
using Cannon cameras. 

This book was created on Microsoft Word 6.6
on Tri-Star IBM compatible computers.
All images were scanned on a Hewlett Packard ScanJet II