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A hate crime is targeted criminal activity, usually motivated by prejudice based on perceived personal characteristics of the victims. These motivations may include race, religion, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. See the end of this article for the FBI's guidelines as to what constitues a "hate crime".
Not limited to individual activity, many organizations have been labeled as "hate groups" where their group objectives and activities promote prejudicial behavior and even organized criminal activity targeting groups of citizens.
The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) maintains a database of U.S. hate group activities. You can find a current list of hate groups that may be active in your area by clicking here or on the map, below.
Organizations that were known to be recently active, whether that activity included marches, rallies, meetings, leafleting, publishing literature or chriminal activity, are included in the SPLC database.
Other Anti-Hate Links: (external links)
Ten Ways to Fight Hate
HateWatch
Cyberwatch
Anti-Defamation League
www.civilrights.org
Not In Our Town
Klanwatch
Stop The Hate
FBI UCR Hate Crime Reports
Southern Poverty Law Center home page
FBI Guidelines
The FBI Hate/Bias Motivation Guidlines to law enforcement agencies for determining what constitutes a hate crime:
Because of the difficulty of ascertaining the offender's subjective motivation, bias is to be reported ONLY if the investigation reveals sufficient objective evidence of biased motivation to meet a probable cause type standard.
Bias is a preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of people based on race, religion, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation, or disability.
Hate crime is a criminal offense committed against a person or property which is motivated by the offender's bias aganst race, religion ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation, or disability.
THAT THE CRIME IS MOTIVATD BY BIAS
An important distinction must be made. The mere fact that the offender is biased against the victim's race, religion, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation, or disability, doesn't mean that a hate crime was involved. Rather, the offender's criminal act must have been motivated, in whole or part, by his/her bias.
Therefore, before an incident can be reported as a hate crime, sufficient objective facts must be present to meet a probable cause-type standard that the offender's actions were motivated, in whole or part, by bias. While no single factor may be conclusive, facts such as the following, particularly when combined, are support for a finding of bias.
- The offender and the victim were of different race, religion, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation, or disabled.
Example: the victim was black and the offender(s) were white.
- Bias-related oral comments, written statemenrs, or gestures were made by the offender which indicated his/her bias.
Example: the offender called the victim a "Kike".
- Bias-related drawings, markings, symbols or graffiti were left at the crime scene.
Example: a swastika was painted on the door of a synagogue.
- Certain objects, items, or things, which indicated bias were used.
Example 1: the offender(s) wore white sheets with hoods covering their faces, or left a hooded white sheet behind.
Example 2: a burning cross was left in the front yard of the victim's residence.
- The victim is a member of a racial, religious, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation group, or is disabled, who is overwhelmingly outnumbered by members of another group, or in the neighborhood where the victim lives and the offenses took place. This factor loses significance with the passage of time.
Example: it is most significant when the victim first moved into the neighborhood and becomes less and less significant as time passes without an incident.
- The victim was visiting a neighborhood where previous hate crimes have been committed against other members of his/her race, religion, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation group, or his disabiity, and where tensions remain high against his/her group.
- Several incidents have occurred in the same locality, at or about the same time, and the victim(s) were all of the same racial, religious, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation, or have disabilities.
- A substantial portion of the community where the crime occurred perceives that the incident was motivated by bias.
- The victim was engaged in activities promoting his/her racial, religious, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation group, or those with disabilities.
Example: the victim is a member of the NAACP, or participated in a gay rights demonstration.
- The incident coincided with a holiday relating to, or a date of, particular significance to a racial, religious, ethnic/national origin, sexual orientation group, or those with disabilites.
Example: Martin Luther King Day, Rosh Hashana.
- The offender was previously involved in a similar hate crime or is a member of a a hate group.
- There were indications that a hate group was involved.
Example: a hate group claimed responsibility for the crime or was active in the neighborhood.
- A historically established animosity exists between the victim(s) group or the offender(s) group.
To report any hate-motivated activity that comes to your attention, at the University of Oklahoma, particularly where it may involve criminal activity, contact our Crime Prevention Unit by email or by telephone at 325-2864.
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