Journal of the History of Philosophy, 33 (1995); 65-99.
Leibniz's notion of expression figures prominently in his accounts of a number of phenomena, including perspectival projections, sensory ideas, linguistic representation, and the pre-established harmony of the monads. He views it as a very special sort of representation, but its exact nature is not clear. I first provide an account of expression in Leibniz's most frequent illustration of the notion, the perspectival projection of a geometrical figure onto a plane, then generalize it slightly to fit his general account. This interpretation also helps explain Leibniz's views about the role of expression in human reasoning. I conclude by showing how my account fits each of Leibniz's central examples of expression.
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