Seminar: The Later Wittgenstein

Chris Swoyer

We will spend the bulk of this course on a close reading of the first part of Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations (along with related passages in his Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics). We will engage in a careful reading of the Investigations, taking it as it comes, on its own terms, aiming to approach the text with sympathy and charit, though not reverence.

This does not mean that its historical background is unimportant, but it would be all too easy to spend most of the semester just on background. We will begin with a quick overview of Wittgenstein's Tractatus. I also recommend reading around about Wittgenstein's Viennese background, e.g., Toulmin's and Janiks' Wittgenstein's Vienna and portions of Ray Monk's insightful biography, Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. A hypertext version of the Ogden translation of the Tractatus, now superseded, but by no means always inferior to the translation by Pears & McGuinness, is available at:

http://www.kfs.org/~jonathan/witt/tlph.html
Neglecting background does mean missing important things, but that's a reasonable price to pay for spending more time directly with the primary works. We also won't worry much about recent scholarly writings on Wittgenstein (though I will discuss them in passing, and you are encouraged to delve into them for your paper). In particular we will not read Saul Kripke's important work on Wittgenstein (``Kripkenstein'') or literature on the ``new Wittgenstein'' (by Cavell, Diamond, Conant, and others--we'll have our hands full with the old Wittgenstein).

There will be several short papers, a substantive final paper, and much discussion. We will read the first part of the Investigations and discuss it at an almost section by section level. Students will be expected to have read what's assigned and arrive with something to say (though not without puzzlements). The following books are on order (some may be available in (cheaper) used versions from Amazon.com, abebooks.com, etc.)

  1. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations: The German Text, with Revised English Translation (3rd ed.). If you read German you may want the bilingual edition, but at all events make sure that your have the revised translation.
  2. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics (rev. ed.--it's not just revised; it has a good deal of material not in the earlier versions, so don't get the earlier).
  3. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Culture and Value (try to get the revised, 1998, version).
I will hand out a few other things in class, and put additional papers and books on reserve in the department.