Hope Cunningham is a Ph.D. student at the University of Oklahoma studying gender history and the history of the American West. She completed her master’s degree at the University of Oklahoma in 2026 with a thesis entitled “‘For Our Women, Children, and Country’: Masculinity and Conscription in World War I Era Oklahoma.” Her current research focuses on the relationship between responses to conscription policy and ideas about masculinity in the broader American West during the First World War. She is particularly interested in the way that these relationships differed between states in the West due to their political, racial, and socioeconomic compositions.