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Kim Elmore

Kim Elmore

Kim Elmore.

Research
Scientist III

kelmore@ou.edu
kim.elmore@noaa.gov
National Weather Center 4701

Education

  • PhD, Meteorology, University of Oklahoma
  • MS, Meteorology, University of Oklahoma
  • BS, Meteorology, University of Oklahoma

Affiliated CIWRO Team

  • Hydrology

About

Kim grew up in Tulsa, OK, attended the University of Tulsa as an Engineering Physics major, then transferred to the University of Oklahoma after his sophomore year. After his MS, he went to NCAR where he worked on Doppler analyses of microburst wind shear for the JAWS, and CLAWS projects and continued in aviation weather research until 1995. He left NCAR and went to (then) CIMMS at the NSSL to work with severe weather and Doppler radar.

He entered the PhD program at OU in 1997, earned his PhD in 2000, and has continued in storm research ever since, working on the VORTEX2, PECAN, and TORUS field projects in both mobile radars and the NOAA P-3. He helped develop radar algorithms using statistical techniques such as local linear least squares (LLSD) as a way to characterize both divergent and rotational shear. He also became involved in polarimetric radar techniques, pioneering a machine learning precipitation type algorithm for winter precipitation. From that came the Meteorological Phenomena Identification Near the Ground (mPING; https://mping.ou.edu) project, which has expanded from winter weather to severe weather and weather-related societal impacts. 

Research Focus

  • Radar
  • Severe storms
  • Winter weather
  • Aviation weather
  • Machine learning
  • Resampling statistics

CIWRO Research Themes

  • Weather Radar and Observations
  • Forecast Applications Improvements R&D
  • Social and Socioeconomic Impacts of High-Impact Weather
Honors and awards
  • 2018 Recipient, Larry R. Johnson Special Award, NWA
  • 2018 mPING Trademark Issued
  • 2016 Invited Speaker for the Standing Committee on Medical and Public Health
  • Research During Large-Scale Emergency Events.
  • 2016 Invited Presenter at Office of Atmospheric Research Science Days, Washington, D.C.
  • 2016 Invited speaker/panelist at Joint World Meteorological Organization-American
  • Meteorological Society International Session at the American Meteorological
  • Society Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA
  • 2015 Contributor, White House Federal Citizen Science Tool Kit Case Study: “mPING:
  • Crowdsourcing Weather Reports
  • 2013 Featured in NPR “All Tech Considered” in interview about mPING
  • 2002 Recipient FAA Aviation Weather Research Program FAA's 2002 Excellence in Aviation Award
  • 1996 Featured scientist in “Savage Skies: Fire and Rain” on microbursts
  • 1995 Content and subject matter expert for the FAA training video “Ten Knots for Mom and the Kids,” jointly produced by the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the Federal Aviation Administration
  • 1990 Content and subject matter expert for the FAA training video “The Day All Hell
  • Broke Loose,” jointly produced by the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the Federal Aviation Administration
  • 1988 Invited speaker on convective weather hazards, NAS Pensacola Safety Standdown
Publications
  • Elmore, K. L., M. E. Baldwin and A. E. Gerard, 2024: A comprehensive Winter Ptype Climatology of the ERA5, ASOS, and mPING, In-Preparation.
  • Sandmæl, T. N., B. R. Smith, A. E. Reinhart, I. M. Schick, M. C. Ake, J. G. Madden, R. B.
  • Steeves, S. S. Williams, K. L. Elmore, and T. C. Meyer, 2023: The tornado probability algorithm: A probabilistic machine learning tornadic circulation detection algorithm, Wea. and Forecasting, 38,  445–466.
  • Elmore, K. L., J. T Allen, and A. E. Gerard, 2022: Sub-severe and severe hail. Wea. and Forecasting, 37, 1357–1369.
  • Wagner, M. A., R. K. Doe, C. Wang, E. Rasmussen, M. C. Coniglio, K. L. Elmore, R. C. Balling Jr., and R. S. Cerveny, 2021: High-Resolution Observations of microscale influences on a tornado track using unpiloted aerial systems (UAS). Mon. Wea. Rev., 149, 2819–2834.
  • Smith, B. R., T. Sandmæl, M. C. Mahalik, K. L. Elmore, D. M. Kingfield, K. L. Ortega, and T. M. Smith, 2021: Corrigendum. Wea. and Forecasting, 36, 1131–1133.
  • McGovern, A., R. Lagerquist, D. J. Gagne II, E. Jergensen, K. L. Elmore, C. R. Homeyer, and T. Smith, 2019: Making the black box more transparent: Understanding the physical implications of machine learning. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 100, 2175–2199.
  • Cocks, S. B., L. Tang, P. Zhang, A. Ryzhkov, B. Kaney, K. L. Elmore, Y. Wang, J. Zhang, and K. Howard, 2019: A prototype quantitative precipitation estimation algorithm for operational S-band polarimetric radar utilizing specific attenuation and specific differential phase. Part II: Performance verification and case study analysis. J. Hydrology, 20, 999–1014.
  • Mahalik, M. C., B. R. Smith, K. L. Elmore, D. M. Kingfield, K. L. Ortega, and T. Smith: Estimates of gradients in radar moments using a linear least squares derivative technique, 2029: Wea. and Forecasting, 34, 415–434.
  • Koch, S. E., M. Fengler, P. B. Chilson, K. L. Elmore, B. Argrow, D. L. Andra Jr., and T. Lindley, 2018: On the use of unmanned aircraft for sampling mesoscale phenomena in the preconvective boundary layer. J. Tech., 35, 2265–2288.
  • McGovern, A., K. L. Elmore, D. J. Gagne II, S. E. Haupt, C. D. Karstens, R. Lagerquist, T. Smith, and J. K. Williams, 2017: Using artificial intelligence to improve real-time decision making for high-impact weather. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 98, 2073–2090.
  • Burg, T., K. L. Elmore, and H. M. Grams, 2017: Assessing the skill of updated precipitation type diagnostics for the Rapid Refresh with mPING. Wea. and Forecasting, 32, 725–732.
  • Lakshmanan, V., C. Karstens, J. Krause, K. Elmore, A. Ryzhkov, and S. Berkseth, 2015: Which polarimetric variables are important for weather/no-weather discrimination? J. Atmos. and Oceanic Tech., 32, 1209–1223.
  • Elmore, K. L., H. M. Grams, D. Apps, H. D. Reeves, 2015: Verifying forecast precipitation type with mPING. Wea. and Forecasting, 30, 656–667.
  • Elmore, K. L., Z. L. Flamig, V. Lakshmanan, B. T. Kaney, H. D. Reeves, L. P. Rothfusz, 2014: MPING: Crowd-sourcing weather reports for research. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 95, 1335–1342.
  • Reeves, H. D., K. L. Elmore. A. Ryzhkov, T. Schuur, and J. Krause, 2014: Sources of uncertainty in precipitation type forecasting. Wea. and Forecasting, 29, 936–953.
  • Grams, H. M., J. Zhang, and K. L. Elmore, 2014: Automated identification of enhanced rainfall rates using the near-storm environment for radar precipitation estimates. J. of Hydrometeor., 15, 1238–1254.
  • Smith, T. M., J. Gao, K. M. Calhoun, D. J. Stensrud, K. L. Manross, K. L. Ortega, C. Fu, D. M. Kingfield, K. L. Elmore, V. Lakshmanan, C. Riedel, 2014: Examination of a real-time 3DVAR analysis system in the hazardous weather testbed. Wea. and Forecasting, 29, 63-77.
  • Potvin, K. V., D. Betten, L. J. Wicker, K. L. Elmore and M. I. Biggerstaff, 2012: 3DVAR versustraditional dual-Doppler wind retrievals of a simulated  supercell thunderstorm. Mon. Wea. Rev., 140, 3487–3494.
  • Elmore, K. L., P. L. Heinselman and D. J. Stensrud, 2012: Using WSR-88D data and insolation estimates to determine convective boundary layer depth. J. Atmos. and Oceanic Tech., 29, 581–588.
  • Elmore, K. L., 2011: The NSSL hydrometeor classification algorithm in winter surface precipitation: Evaluation and future development. Wea. and Forecasting, 26, 756–765.
  • Reeves, H. D., K. L. Elmore, G. S. Manikin, D. J. Stensrud, 2011: Assessment of forecasts during persistent valley cold pools in the Bonneville Basin by the North American Mesoscale Model. Wea. and Forecasting, 26, 447–467.
  • Lakshmanan, V., K. L. Elmore and M. B. Richman, 2010: Reaching scientific consensus through a competition. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 91, 1423–1427.
  • Potvin, C. K., K. L. Elmore, S. J Weiss, 2010: Assessing the impacts of proximity sounding criteria on the climatology of significant tornado environments. Wea. and Forecasting, 25, 921–930.
  • Coniglio, M. C., K. L. Elmore, J. S. Kain, S. J. Weiss, M. Xue, M. L. Weisman, 2010: Evaluation of WRF model output for severe weather forecasting from the 2008 NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Experiment. Wea. and Forecasting, 25, 408–421.
  • Van Cooten, S., K. L. Elmore, D. E. Barbé, J. A. McCorquodale, D. J. Reed, 2009: A statistical methodology to discover precipitation micro-climates in southeast louisiana: implications for coastal watersheds. J. Hydrometeor., 10, 1184–1202.
  • Heinselman, P. L., D. J. Stensrud, R. M. Hluchan, P. L. Spencer, and K. L. Elmore, 2008: Radar reflectivity estimates of mixed-layer depth. J. Atmos. and Oceanic Tech., 26, 229–239.
  • Gallus, W. A. M. E. Baldwin, K. L. Elmore, 2007: Evaluation of probabilistic precipitation forecasts determined from Eta and AVN forecasted amounts. Wea. Forecasting, 22, 207–215.
  • Verbout, S. M., D. M. Schultz, L. M. Leslie, H. E. Brooks, D. J. Karoly, K. L. Elmore, 2007: Tornado outbreaks associated with landfalling hurricanes in the north Atlantic Basin: 1954–2004. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 97, 255-271.
  • Elmore, K. L., D. M. Schultz, and M. E. Baldwin, 2006: The behavior of synoptic-scale errors in the Eta model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 3355–3366.
  • Elmore, K. L., M. E. Baldwin, and D.M. Schultz, 2006: Field significance revisited: spatial bias errors in forecasts as applied to the Eta model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 519–531.
  • Elmore, K. L., 2005: Alternatives to the chi-square test for evaluating rank histograms from ensemble forecasts. Wea. Forecasting, 5, 789–795.
  • Smith, T. M., K. L. Elmore and S. A. Dulin, 2004: An Improved Damaging Downburst Prediction and Detection Algorithm for the WSR-88D. Wea. Forecasting, 19, 240–250.
  • Elmore, K. L., S. J. Weiss and P. C. Banacos, 2003: Operational ensemble cloud model forecasts: Some preliminary results. Wea. Forecasting, 5, 953–964.
  • Thompson, R. L., R. Edwards, J. A. Hart, K. L. Elmore and P. Markowski, 2003: Close proximity soundings within supercell environments obtained from the Rapid Update Cycle. Wea. Forecasting, 18, 1243-1261.
  • Elmore, K. L., D. J. Stensrud and K. C. Crawford, 2002a: Explicit cloud-scale models for operational forecasts: A note of caution. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 873–884.
  • Elmore, K. L., D. J. Stensrud and K. C. Crawford, 2002b: Ensemble cloud model applications to forecasting thunderstorms, J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 363–383.
  • Elmore. K. L. and M. B. Richman, 2001: Euclidean distance as a similarity metric for principal component analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 540–549.
  • MacKeen, P. L., H. B. Brooks and K. L. Elmore, 1999: Radar reflectivity-derived thunderstorm parameters applied to storm longevity forecasting. Wea. and Forecasting, 14, 289–295.
  • Rasmussen, R., M. Politovich, J. Marwitz, W. Sand, J. McGinley, J. Smart, R. Pilke, S. Rutledge, D. Wesley, G. Stossmeister, B. Bernstien, K. Elmore, N. Powell, E. Westwater, B.B.
  • Stankov, D. Burrows, 1992: Winter icing and storms project (WISP). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73, 951–974.
  • Mahoney, W. P. III and K. L. Elmore, 1991: The evaluation and structure of a microburst producing cell. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 176–192.
  • Elmore, K. L., F. W. Wilson, Jr. and M. J. Carpenter, 1989: Recovering “lost” data: an adaptive, least squares outlier detection technique. J. Atmos. and Oceanic Tech., 6, 537–541.
  • Elmore, K. L., J. McCarthy, W. Frost and H. P. Chang, 1986: A high resolution spatial and temporal multiple Doppler analysis of a microburst and its application to aircraft flight simulation. J. of Climate and Appl. Meteor., 25, 1398–1425.
  • Frost, W., H.-P. Chang, K. McCarthy, K. L. Elmore, 1985: Aircraft performance in a JAWS microburst. J. of Aircraft, 22, 561–567.
  • Frost, W., H.-P. Chang, K. L. Elmore and J. McCarthy, 1984: Simulated flight through JAWS wind shear. J. of Aircraft, 21, 797–802.
Conference presentations
  • Elmore, K. L., K. L. Ortega, and J. C. Snyder, 2020: An investigation of two machine learning radar-based hail discrimination algorithms. 19th Conf. on Artificial Intelligence for Environmental. Sci. Boston, MA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • McGovern, A., D. J. Gagne II, R. A. Lagerquist, E. Jergensen, K. L. Elmore, 2019: Making the black box more transparent: Understanding the physical implications of machine learning. 18th Conf. on Artificial and Computational Intelligence and its Applications to the Environmental Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Elmore, K. L., K. Berry, A. E. Gerard, 2019: Crowdsourcing marine observations with mPING. Special Symposium on Mesoscale Meteorological Extremes: Understanding, Prediction, and Projection, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Ortega, K. L., K. L. Elmore, and J. C. Snyder, 2019: Using deep learning with polarimetric radar data to predict hail. 18th Conf. on Artificial and Computational Intelligence and its Applications to the Environmental Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Elmore, K. L. and M. E. Baldwin, 2019: Combining ASOS and mPING observations for a revised winter precipitation climatology. 35th Conf. on Environmental Information Processing Technologies, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Elmore, K. L., M. E. Baldwin, A. E. Gerard, and H. D. Reeves, 2019: The curious case of sunrise snow. 35th Conf. on Environmental Information Processing Technologies, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Elmore, K. L., 2019: An mPING-based hail climatology. 35th Conf. on Environmental Information Processing Technologies, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Noll, S. and K. L. Elmore, 2018: General Hail Occurrence Frequency in Convective Storms Using mPING Data. 19th Symposium on Meteorological Observation and Instrumentation, Austin, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Burg, T., K. L. Elmore, and H. M. Grams: 2016: Assessing the skill of updated precipitation type diagnostics for Rapid Refresh with mPING. 32nd Conf. on Environmental Information Processing Technologies, New Orleans, LA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Tang, L., K. Elmore, J. Zhang, H. Grams, and K. W. Howard, 2016: Three dimensional aviation-specific hydrometeor classification for polarimetric WSR-88D network. Fifth Aviation, Range, and Aerospace Meteorology Special Symposium, New Orleans, LA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Baldwin, M. E., B. Fehnel, and K. L. Elmore: 2016: Feature-relative forecast evaluation. 23rd Conf. on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences, New Orleans, LA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Elmore, K. L. and H. M. Grams, 2015: Using mPING Data to drive a forecast precipitation type algorithm. 13th Conf. On Artificial Intelligence, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  • Elmore, K. L., 2015: mPING 3 years later. Combined Poster Session 3, 40th NWA 2015 Annual Meeting, Oklahoma City, OK.
  • Elmore, K. L. and H. D. Reeves, 2014: Using crowd-sourced precipitation observations to build a winter surface hydrometeor classification algorithm. 12th Conf. on Artificial and Computational Intelligence and its Applications to the Environmental Sciences. Atlanta, GA, Amer. Meteor. Soc. 
  • Elmore, K. L., Z. L. Flamig, V. Lakshmanan, B. Kaney, V. Farmer, H. D. Reeves, and L. Rothfusz, 2014: mPING: Crowd sourcing citizen science. Ninth Symposium on Policy and Socio-Economic Res., Atlanta, GA, Amer. Meteor. Soc. 
  • Elmore, K. L., H. D. Reeves, T. M. Smith, K. L. Ortega, 2011: A winter hydrometeor classification algorithm. Preprints, 9th Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Seattle, WA, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., J6.1.
  • Elmore, K. L., 2009: Polarimetric Radar and validation data for the 2008 artificial intelligence competition. Extended Abstracts, Seventh Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and its Applications to the Environmental Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 3.1.
  • Elmore, K. L., K. A. Scharfenberg, C. Legett, 2007: The NSSL winter hydrometeor classification ground truth program: Public involvement in science. Preprints, 31st Intl. Conf. on Radar Meteor, Cairns, Australia, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P10.9.
  • Elmore, K. L., D. Schultz, M. Baldwin, 2004: Spatial bias errors in the operational NCEP Eta model. Preprints, 20th Conf. on Wea. Analysis and Forecasting/16th Conf. on Numerical Wea. Prediction, Seattle, WA. Amer. Meteor.Soc., Boston MA.
  • Elmore, K. L., S. J. Weiss, P. C. Banacos and S. K. Jones, 2002: Operational ensemble cloud-scale forecasts: Some preliminary results. Preprints, 21st Conf on Severe Local Storms, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., J15–J18.
  • Elmore, K. L., M. E. Baldwin and D. M. Schultz, 2002: Spatial bias errors in the operational NCEP Eta model. Preprints, 19th Conf. on Weather Analysis and Forecasting, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc, 93–96.
  • Elmore, K. L., D. J. Stensrud, and K. C. Crawford, 2000: Ensemble cloud model applications to thunderstorm forecasting. Preprints, 20th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Orlando, Amer. Meteor. Soc., J59–J64.
  • Elmore, K. L., P. L. Mackeen, L. McKibben, F. H. Proctor, H. E. Brooks, 1997: Thunderstorm growth and decay forecasting using 2-D ensemble modeling. 7th Conf. on Av. Wea. Sys., 2–7 Feb 1997, Long Beach, CA. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Elmore, K. L., E. D. Albo, R. K. Goodrich and D. J. Peters, 1995: A statistical comparison between in-situ aircraft and ground-based F-factor estimates. 6th Conf. on Av. Wea. Sys., 15–20 January 1995, Dallas, TX, 521–526. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Elmore, K., D. Albo, R. Goodrich, 1993: Determining F-factor using ground-based radar: validation and results. Proceedings, Airborne Windshear Detection and Warning Systems, Fifth and Final Combined Manufacturer's and Technologist's Conf., 28–30 September 1993, Hampton, VA. NASA Conf. Pub. 10139, Part 1, FAA/DOT/RD-94/14-I, 241–286.
  • Elmore, K. L., E. D. Albo and R. K. Goodrich, 1993: Estimating performance loss in windshear from Doppler radar. Preprints, 26th Conf. on Radar Meteor., 24–28 May 1993, Norman, OK, 673–675. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Elmore, K., 1992: TDWR 1991 program review. Proceedings, Airborne Windshear Detection and Warning Systems Fourth Combined Manufacturer's and Technologist's Conf., 14–16 April 1992, Williamsburg, VA. NASA Conf. Pub. 10105, Part 2, DOT/FAA/RD-92/19-II, 847–875.
  • Elmore, K. L., M. Politovich and W. R. Sand, 1990: The 11 July 1988 microburst as Stapleton International Airport, Denver, CO. Preprints, 16th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, 22–26 October 1990, Alta, Canada, 368–372. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Elmore, K. L., and W. R. Sand, 1989: A cursory study of F-factor applied to Doppler radar. Preprints, 3rd International Conf. on the Av. Wea. System, 29 January – 3 February 1989, 130–134. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Elmore, K. L., 1986: Evaluation of a microburst and bow-shaped echo during JAWS. Preprints, 23rd Conf. on Radar Meteor., 22–26 September 1986, Snowmass, CO, J101–J104. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Apps, D., K. Elmore and H. Grams, 2014: Using mPING observations to verify surface precipitation type forecasts from numerical models. 26th Conf. on Weather and Forecasting. Atlanta, GA, Amer. Meteor. Soc. 
  • Johnston, C. J., D. J. Serke, S. M. Ellis, A. L. Reehorst, J. C. Hubbert, D. Albo, A. Weekley, D. R. Adriaansen, K. L. Elmore, and M. K. Politovich, 2013: Statistical analysis of a radar-based icing hazard algorithm. 16th Conf. on Aviation, Range and Aerospace Meteor., Austin, TX., Amer. Meteor. Soc. CD-ROM, 5.2.
  • Smith, B. T., R. L. Thompson, H. E. Brooks, A. R. Dean and K. L. Elmore, 2012: Diagnosis of conditional maximum tornado damage probabilities. 26th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Nashville, TN., Amer. Meteor. Soc. CD-ROM, P2.20.
  • Berkowitz, D. S., J. A. Schultz, S. Vasiloff, K. L. Elmore, D. D. Payne, J. B. Boettcher, 2013: Status of Dual Pol QPE in the WSR-88D Network. Extended Abstracts, 27th Conf. on Hydrology, Austin, TX, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, 2.2.
  • Cocks, S. B., D. S. Berkowitz, R. Murnan, J. A. Schultz, S. Castleberry, K. Howard, K. Elmore, S. Vasiloff, 2012: Initial assessment of the dual-polarization quantitative precipitation estimate algorithm's performance for two dual-polarization WSR-88Ds. Proc. 28th Conf. on Interactive Information Processing Systems (IIPS), New Orleans, LA, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, 7.B2.
  • Johnston, C. J., D. J. Serke, K. L. Elmore, A. L. Reehorst, M. K. Politovich, 2012: Comparison of Ka-Band and Polarized S-Band Moment Profiles for Inference on Mixed-Phase Conditions. Preprints, 11th Annual AMS Student Conf. and Career Fair, New Orleans, LA, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, S140.
  • LaDue, J., C. Spannagle, V. Holtz, S. Torres, K. Elmore, 2010: The impact of WSR-88D Super-Resolution data in low-level mesocyclone evaluation. Extended Abstracts, 25th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Denver, CO, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P9.8.
  • Spencer, A. L., A. McGovern, K. L. Elmore, M. B. Richman, 2009: Winter hydrometeor classification using polarimetric radar and spatiotemporal relational probability trees. Extended Abstracts, Seventh Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and its Applications to the Environmental Sciences 23rd Conf. on Hydrology, Phoenix, AZ, USA, Amer.n Meteor. Soc., J7.2.
  • Coniglio, M. C., J. S. Kain, S. J. Weiss, D. R. Bright, J. J. Levit, G. W. Carbin, K. W. Thomas, F. Kong, M. Xue, M. L. Weisman, M. E. Pyle, K. L. Elmore, 2008: Evaluation of WRF model output for severe-weather forecasting from the 2008 NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Experiment. Preprints, 24th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Savannah, GA, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, 12.4. [Available from Michael C. Coniglio, NSSL, 120 David L. Boren Blvd., Norman, OK, 73072, USA.
  • Guillot, E. M., V. Lakshmanan, T. M. Smith, G. J. Stumpf, D. W. Burgess, K. L. Elmore, 2008: Tornado and Severe Thunderstorm Warning Forecast Skill and its Relationship to Storm Type. Extended Abstracts, 23rd Conf. on Interactive Information Processing Systems, New Orleans, LA, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 4A.3.
  • Scharfenberg, K. A., K. L. Elmore, T. J. Schuur, C. Legett, 2007: Analysis of dual-pol WSR-88D base data collected during three significant winter storms. Preprints, 31st Intl. Conf. on Radar Meteor, Cairns, Australia, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P10.10.
  • Brandes, E. A., K. Ikeda, K. L. Elmore, A. V. Ryzhkov, T. J. Schuur, 2006: Aviation weather hazard detection with polarimetric radar. Preprints, 12th Conf. on Aviation, Range, and Aerospace Meteorology, Atlanta, GA, USA, Amer.Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, 6.1.
  • Baldwin, M. E., K. L. Elmore, 2005: Objective verification of high-resolution WRF forecasts during 2005 NSSL/SPC Spring Program. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Weather Analysis and Forecasting/17th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction, Durham, NC, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 11B.4. 
  • Pendergrass, A. G., K. L. Elmore, 2005: Ensemble Forecast Bias Correction. Preprints, 4th AMS Student Conf., San Diego, CA, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P1.30.
  • Scharfenberg, K. A., K. L. Elmore, E. Forren, V. Melnikov, D. S. Zrnic, 2005: Estimating the impact of a 3-dB sensitivity loss on WSR-88D data. Preprints, 32nd Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Albuquerque, NM, USA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, P12R.9.
  • Hamm, A. J. and K. L. Elmore, 2004: A validation of the NCEP SREF. Preprints, 20th Conf. on Wea. Analysis and Forecasting/16th Conf. on Numerical Wea. Prediction, Seattle, WA. In Press. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston MA. 
  • Smith, T. M., K. L. Elmore and S. A. Myers, 2002: Development and validation of downburst prediction equations for the DDPDA. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Severe Local Storms, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc, 194–197.
  • Smith, T. M. and K. L. Elmore, 2002: A two-dimensional, local, linear, least-squares method of derivative estimates from Doppler radial velocity. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Sever Local Storms, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc, P5.4.
  • Thompson, R. L., R. Edwards, J. A. Hart and K. L. Elmore, 2002: RUC-2 model analysis soundings as a surrogate for observed soundings in supercell environments. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Severe Local Storms, San Antonio, TX. Amer Meteor. Soc, 591–594.
  • Mitchell, E. D., K. L. Elmore, K. Angle, C. Hannon, 2000: A radar signature climatology using WSR-88D Level II data. Preprints, 20th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Orlando, FL, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 92–94. 
  • Stumpf, G. J., E. D. Mitchell, K. L. Elmore, 2000: Severe storm climatologies using Doppler radar algorithms. Presentation at European Conf. on Tornadoes and Severe Storms, Toulouse, France, Observatoire Midi-Pyréénéées and Meteo-France.
  • Mitchell, E. D. and K. L. Elmore, 1998: A severe weather/tornado climatology using the WSR-88D. Preprints, 19th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Minneapolis, MN, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 273–275.
  • Mitchell, E. D. and K. L. Elmore, 1998: A technique for identifying regions of high shear associated with mesocyclones and tornadic vortex signatures. Preprints, 14th Inter. Conf. on Interactive Information and Processing Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology Oceanography and Hydrology, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 312–315.
  • Smith, T. M., K. L. Elmore, and K. A. Scharfenberg, 1998: WSR-88D characteristics relevant to severe downbursts. Preprints, 19th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Minneapolis, MN, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 736–739. 
  • Stumpf, G. J., E. D. Mitchell, K. L. Elmore, V. T. Wood, P. C. Burke, and K. T. Angle, 1998: The new NSSL Vortex Detection and Diagnosis Algorithm - plans, status, issues. Preprints, 19th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Minneapolis, MN, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 725–728.
  • MacKeen, P., H. Brooks, and K. Elmore, 1997: The merit of severe and non-severe thunderstorm parameters in forecasts of thunderstorm longevity. Preprints, 28th AMS Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Austin, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 424–425.
  • Mueller, C. K., S. J. Henry, L. Stoltz, J. W. Wilson, R. D. Roberts, N. Rehak, M. Dixon, M. M. Wolfson, B. E. Forman, R. G. Hallowell, E. P. Marciniak, M. P. Moore, M. A. Isaminger, M. D. Eilts, K. L. Elmore, P. L. MacKeen, 1997: The Memphis ITWS convective forecasting collaborative demonstration. Preprints, 7th Conf. on Aviation, Range and Aerospace Meteorology, Long Beach, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 249–250.
  • Mahoney, W. P. III and K. L. Elmore, 1990: The source region and evolution of a microburst downdraft. Preprints, 24th Conf. on Radar Meteor., 27–31 March 1989, Tallahassee, FL, 154–157. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Cornman, L. B., P. C. Kucera, M. R. Hjelmfelt and K.L. Elmore, 1989: Short time scale fluctuations in microburst outflows observed by Doppler radar. Preprints, 24th Conf. on Radar Meteor., 27–31 March 1989, Tallahassee, FL, 150–153. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Wilson, F. W. Jr., K.L. Elmore, M. J. Carpenter, R. J. Keeler and C. L. Frush, 1986: An adaptive, least squares outlier detection technique applied to Doppler radar data. Preprints, 23rd Conf. on Radar Meteor., 22–26 September 1986, Snowmass, CO, JP363–364. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Kessinger, C. J., R. D. Roberts and K. L. Elmore, 1986: A summary of microburst characteristics from low reflectivity storms. Preprints, 23rd Conf. on Radar Meteor., 22–26 September 1986, Snowmass, CO, J105–J108. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • Parsons, D. B., C .J. Kessinger and K. L. Elmore, 1985: An investigation into the forcing of microbursts. Preprints, 14th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, 29 October – 1 November 1985, Indianapolis, IN, 48–51. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • McCarthy, J. and K. Elmore, 1984: JAWS analysis highlights in the aviation context. Preprints, 29th Corporate Aviation Safety Seminar, 1–3 April 1984, Montreal, Canada, 146–175.   Flight Safety Foundation, Inc.
  • McCarthy, J., D. W. Camp, R. J. Doviak, E. F. Blick and K. L. Elmore, 1980: An airport wind shear detection and warning system using Doppler radar. Preprints, 19th Conf. on Radar Meteor., 15–18 April 1980, Miami, FL, 135–142. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
  • McCarthy, J., K. L. Elmore, R. J. Doviak, D. S. Zrnic, 1980: Instrumented aircraft verification of clear-air radar detection of low-level wind shear. Preprints, 19th Conf. on Radar Meteor., 15–18 April 1980, Miami, FL, 143–149. Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA.
Professional organizations
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Certified Consulting Meteorologist, 2012–present.
  • National Weather Association
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Sigma Xi
Products/patents
  • mPING, Reg. Trademark, 56,377,072, 9 Jan 2018
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